Weird lime tree leaf growths

Hello all
Does anyone recognise the growths on the leaves in this picture. They are all over some of the leaves on the lime trees (I believe that's what they are) in our street. I was wondering if this has anything to do with the sticky sap that gets all over everyone's cars in the summer.
Secondly, the second picture shows a patch of greenery growing in some woods that my friends' dog Smudge just loves to eat. He doesn't seem to suffer any ill effects but we wondered what they are??

 

I think you have to make a minimum number of posts before we can see your photos, but I am curious to see what it is that your friend's dog eats!!

Generally, I think lime trees get a lot of aphids on the new growth, so there is often a honeydew stickiness, which often grows a dark grey/black mould, underneath them. I suppose all beautiful things have to have a negative, to keep them in balance - and they are beautiful trees!

 

I didn't realise that about the photos.
The growths are about 1cm long and red. They are on the top of the leaves. Very weird.

 

I've seen that on Lime leaves quite often early in the season, it seems to go away later in summer.