Jews required to register as such

And before that, and before that, and before that, and..................

In 1653 the greater portion of the population rebelled against dominantly Polish Catholic rule and in January 1654 an assembly of the people (rada) voted at Pereyaslav to turn to Moscow, effectively joining the southeastern portion of the Polish-Lithuanian empire east of the Dnieper River to Russia.[5] After the Partitions of Poland (1772–1795) and conquest of Crimean Khanate, Ukraine was divided between the Tsardom of Russia and Habsburg Austria.

A chaotic period of warfare ensued after the Russian Revolution, with internationally recognized establishment of an independent Ukrainian People's Republic. Independent Ukraine emerged from its own civil war. TheUkrainian–Soviet War followed, which resulted in the Soviet Army establishing control in late 1919[6]Sovietvictory. The conquerors created the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, which on 30 December 1922 became one of the founding republics of the Soviet Union. The Soviet policy on Ukrainian language and Ukrainian culture changed two times; in the 1920s Ukrainian was established as the language of administration and schools. In the 1930s it turned to russification. In 1932 and 1933, more than three millions of – mostly peasant – people in Ukraine starved to death in a politically induced famine joint to the "liquidation of the Kulak class". They were about 50% of all Soviet people who died by this famine. Now there is a dispute, if this highly antihuman policy of Holodomor was an extreme terror against renitent farmers or a genocide against the Ukrainian nation. Since 1935, Nikita Khrushchev was the head of the Ukrainian Communist Party. After the 1939invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany and Soviet Union, the Ukrainian SSR's territory was enlarged westward. In 1941, Ukraine was occupied by Nazi Germany, being liberated in 1944. During World War II the Ukrainian Insurgent Army tried to reestablish Ukrainian independence and fought against Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. In 1945, the Ukrainian SSR became one of the founding members of the United Nations.[7] After Stalin's death, as head of the Communist Party of Soviet Union, Khrushchev enabled a Ukrainian revival. Nevertheless, there were further political repressions against poets, historians and other intellectuals, like in all other parts of the USSR. In 1954, the republic expanded to the south with the transfer of the Crimea.

Ukraine became independent again when the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991. This dissolution started a period of transition to a market economy, in which Ukraine suffered an eight-year recession.[8] Since then, however, the economy has experienced a high increase in GDP growth. Ukraine was caught up in the worldwide economic crisis in 2008 and the economy plunged. GDP fell 20% from spring 2008 to spring 2009, then leveled off as analysts compared the magnitude of the downturn to the worst years of economic depression during the early 1990s.